Final report - Risk factors for eye disease and injury
Table 4.2 Summary of results for eye injury
Table of contents
- Abbreviations and acronyms
- Summary
1 Introduction- 2 Background
- 3. Methods
4 Tabulated results- 5 Description of results
- 6 Areas requiring further research
- Appendix 1 Review term
- Appendix 2 Search strategy
- Appendix 3 Summary of searches and results
- Appendix 4 Summary results tables
- Appendix 5 Quality assessments for review articles
- Appendix 6 References excluded
- Appendix 7 Included references
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Risk factor | Condition | Finding | Group a | Summary sheet |
| Eye protection | Eye injuries (impact, blunt force, foreign bodies) | Eye injury is associated with lack of eye protection, often occurs at work and is particularly prominent in young men. The use of eye protection leads to a marked decrease in eye injuries. | 1 | 127 |
| Eye protection | Chemical injury | No relevant studies found | 7 | NA |
| Eye protection | Radiation | No relevant studies found | 7 | NA |
| Occupation | Eye injury (impact, blunt force, foreign bodies) | Eye injury is a common hazard in certain jobs, and is particularly prominent in males between 20 and 34 years. Foreign bodies in the eye are the most common work-related injury. Regular wearing of appropriate eye protection can reduce the incidence of eye injury (see summary table 135). | 1 | 135 |
| Occupation | Chemical injury | Chemical injury to the eye is the second-most common cause of eye trauma, after foreign bodies. Males are more at risk from this type of in jury than females. | 1 | 137 |
| Occupation | Radiation | No relevant studies found | 7 | NA |
| Sport | Impact/blunt force injury | A large proportion of injuries occur during sporting activity, with young men being most at risk. The sports resulting in the most number of injuries usually reflect their popularity in the country in question, rather than their inherent danger, although sports using hard, small balls warrant particular caution. Eye injury is less likely to occur in established sports with compulsory and well-designed eye protection. | 1 | 139 |
| Sport | Foreign bodies | Activities such as walking or running near roads may carry a small risk to eye health due to the potential for metallic foreign bodies to be projected from the road by passing cars. | 2 | 140 |
| Sport | Chemical injury | No relevant studies found | 7 | NA |
| Sport | Radiation | No relevant studies found | 7 | NA |
| Assault | Eye injury (impact, blunt force, foreign bodies, chemicals) | The type of eye injury resulting from an assault depends on the method of assault. Blunt trauma was the most common type of injury. Most assaults, particularly chemical assaults, result in serious injury or blindness. Further studies would be required to evaluate the severity and incidence of eye trauma from assault in Australia. | 1 | 143 |
| Assault | Radiation | No relevant studies found | 7 | NA |
| Alcohol consumption | Impact/blunt force injury | No relevant studies found | 7 | NA |
| Alcohol consumption | Foreign bodies | No relevant studies found | 7 | NA |
| Alcohol consumption | Chemical injury | No relevant studies found | 7 | NA |
| Alcohol consumption | Radiation | No relevant studies found | 7 | NA |
| Home environment | Impact/blunt force injury | No relevant studies found | 7 | NA |
| Home environment | Foreign bodies | No relevant studies found | 7 | NA |
| Home environment | Chemical injury | No relevant studies found | 7 | NA |
| Home environment | Radiation | No relevant studies found | 7 | NA |
a Groups are as follows:
Group 1 — Clear association/causality
Group 2 — Possible association/causality (more research needed)
Group 3 — Lack of association/causality
Group 4 — Possible lack of association/causality (more research needed)
Group 5 — Conflicting results
Group 6 — Possible protection
Group 7 — No studies
b Summary sheets number refers to the results tables in Appendix 3.
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